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Professor Simon Chadwick

Title: Professor of Sport Business Strategy and Marketing
Subject group/area: Strategy and Applied Management Department
Telephone: 024 7688 8486
Email: s.chadwick@coventry.ac.uk
Room: WM120
Simon Chadwick
Main Duties:

Read Professor Chadwick’s daily blog:

http://www.dailysportthought.blogspot.com/

Follow Professor Chadwick on Twitter:  @Prof_Chadwick

Main Duties

Simon became Professor of Sport Business Strategy and Marketing at Coventry University Business School in 2007, having previously worked at the University of Leeds and the University of London.

Simon is a founder and director of CIBS - the Centre for the International Business of Sport at Coventry University

His research interests are based around sport marketing and sport business strategy, in particular the management of:

  • Advertising and marketing
  • Commercial sport business strategy
  • Communication strategies in sport
  • Economic and commercial impact of sport
  • Fan behaviour and segmentation
  • Global sport business development
  • Relationship marketing in sport
  • Sport business development
  • Sport sponsorship programmes
  • Sports branding
  • Strategic collaboration in sport

Simon has published extensively in the areas of sport marketing and sport business strategy, and has collaborated with various organisations. He has also worked as a consultant to sport businesses on projects relating to:

  • Analysis of spectator behaviour
  • Branding
  • Economic and commercial impact of sporting mega events
  • International development of sports markets
  • Sponsorship management
  • Use of the internet by sport businesses

In recent months, Simon has been working with Mastercard on a series of reports examining the economic and commercial impact of the 2008 UEFA European Championships and the UEFA Champions League Final in Moscow.

He has also worked with the following organisations:

  • FC Barcelona
  • Atletico Madrid
  • Sunderland FC
  • Norwich City
  • The FA
  • International Tennis Federation
  • All-England Club, Wimbledon
  • Australian Open Tennis
  • French Open Tennis
  • US Open Tennis
  • Sport England
  • SportundMarkt
  • Red Mandarin
  • Sport Business
  • Havas Sport
  • The Amsterdam Arena
  • Weber Shandwick
  • International Marketing Reports
  • PMP Consulting
Other responsibilities:

Simon's other responsibilities include editing The International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship. He is also an Editorial Board member for:

  • Sport Marketing Europe
  • The International Journal of Sports Marketing and Management
  • The Journal of Sport Communication
  • The Journal of Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education
  • The International Journal of Sport Management
  • The Journal of Coaching Science
  • The Journal of Sport Tourism
  • ESIC-Marketing

Simon has also been a Guest Editor of the International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing and undertaken reviews for European Sport Management Quarterly, Sport Management Review, Management Decision, EMAC and the Academy of Marketing. He is also a national correspondent for the European Association of Sport Management and Sport Marketing Quarterly.

In 2007, Simon was the Chair of Sport Business Campus in London, and was also a member of the Scientific Committees for the Play the Game and European Association of Sport Management conferences. In 2008, he again served as a member of the Scientific Committees for European Association of Sport Management in Heidelberg. He was also co-conference Chair of the UEFA supported conference ‘Challenges Facing Football in the 21st Century’, which took place in Berne prior to the UEFA 2008 Euros. In 2008/2009, Simon will be working with the British Council on a recruitment campaign targeting overseas students by helping them to develop a football management simulation.

Simon is the founder and Chair of both the Academy of Marketing's Sport Marketing Special Interest Group and the European Sport Marketing Network, he is also a lead examiner for and a contributor to the Chartered Institute of Marketing's Sport Marketing Certificate programme and is an external examiner at a number of other UK universities.

Simon is also:

  • Adjunct Professor in Sport Business Management at Instituto de Empressa, Madrid
  • Associate Member of faculty at IESE Business School in Madrid
  • Associate Member of the Economics, Sport and Intangibles Research Group at the University of Navarra
  • Visiting lecturer at the University of Paris and City College in Thessaloniki, and a Visiting Professor at the University of London
  • Member of the Advisory Panel for Sport und Markt's European Sport Sponsorship award
  • Advisor to The Economist magazine on sport business matters
  • Member of the judging panel for Business Week’s ‘Sporting Power 100’
  • Member of the Royal Society of the Arts
Selected publications:

Recent Journal Articles Recent Magazine Articles
Recent Books and Supplements Recent Book Chapters
Recent Conference Papers Recent Working Papers
Recent research funding, consultancy and advisory roles Recent talk series
Recent press coverage Recent podcasts
Webcasts


Recent Journal Articles

Chadwick, S., Garford, W., Guilherme, G., and O’Reilly, D., ‘The formation, organisation and management of MyFootballClub – some implications for marketing practice’, Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 2008 (forthcoming)

Walters, G., and Chadwick, S., ‘Corporate citizenship in football: delivering strategic benefits through stakeholder engagement’, Management Decision, 2008 (forthcoming)

Chadwick, S., ‘From outside lane to inside track – sport management research in the 21st century’, Management Decision, 2008 (forthcoming)

Burton, N., and Chadwick, S.,, ‘From Beckham to Ronaldo – assessing the nature of football player brands’, Journal of Sponsorship, 2008 (forthcoming)

Chadwick, S., and Thwaites, D., ‘Commitment in sponsorship relationships’, Journal of General Management, 2008 (forthcoming)

Chadwick, S. and Walters, G., ‘Brand logos, distinctive design and manufacturer identification in the sportswear market', Marketing Review, 2008 (forthcoming)

Davou, K., Chadwick, S., Thwaites, D., and O'Reilly, D., ‘From brand spokes characters to brand animators – creating emotion through the development of mascots', International Journal of Sport Marketing and Management, 2008

Chadwick, S., and Holt, M., ‘Building global sports brands: an analysis of key success factors in marketing the UEFA Champions League', Marketing Review, 2008

Desbordes, M., and Chadwick, S., ‘Cross-cultural sponsorship: issues in effective management', Revue Francais Marketing, 2007

Chadwick, S., and Desbordes, M., ‘Contemporary developments in international sport marketing', Review Francais Marketing, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘The Americans are coming! US tycoons take over English football’, Sport Marketing Quaterly, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Spanish sport – creating off-field opportunity from on-field success’, International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Promoting and celebrating sport marketing diversity’, International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Technology and the future of sport’, International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 2006

Barros, C.P., Barros, C., Santos , A., and Chadwick, S, ‘Sponsorship brand recall at the Euro 2004 soccer tournament', Sport Marketing Quarterly, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘New sports sponsorship deals – changes and concerns', Sport Marketing Quarterly, 2006

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘The future for sport marketing', International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Soccer marketing and the irrational consumption of sport - sports marketing in a soccer field all of its own', International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Oligarchs and polideportivos – an analysis of Chelsea and FC Barcelona's Champions League game', Sport Marketing Quarterly

Chadwick, S., and Thwaites, D. (2006), ‘Distinguishing between short-term and long-term commitment in football shirt sponsorship dyads: towards a matrix of management implications', International Journal of Sport Marketing and Sponsorship

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Dispelling sports marketing myths', International Journal of Sport Marketing and Sponsorship

Recent Magazine Articles

Chadwick, S., ‘Cultural traits and their impact on football (or, why the Germans will probably do well at the 2008 Euros), Soccer Investor Weekly, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘Predicting the value of UEFA Euro 2008’, Sport Marketing Europe, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Not just a pretty face? Football players as brand’, Sport Marketing Europe, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Football plays important role in peace, reconciliation and development’, Sport and the European Union, 2007

Hayward, B., and Chadwick, S., ‘Sports stadium naming rights - modelling the management process’, Centre Circle, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Trafalgar Square legacy highlights management challenges for 2012 Olympics', SPRIG magazine, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘FC Barcelona – winners on the field. Winners off it?', Sport Marketing Europe, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Ambushing and football sponsorship – what happened at World Cup 2006', 11Freunde, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Sponsors don't deserve to be ambushed', The Guardian, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Why China still loves Manchester United', Sport Marketing Europe, 2006

Recent Books and Supplements

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Marketing of Sport’ 2nd Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming 2010)

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Business of Sport Management’ 2nd Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming 2009)

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Business of Sport Management’ (Croatian Translation), Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming 2009)

Buehler, A., Chadwick, S., and Nufer, G., ‘Relationship Marketing in Sport’, Elsevier (forthcoming, 2009)

Chadwick, S., and Hamil, S., ‘Managing Football: An International Perspective’, Elsevier, (forthcoming, 2008)

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Marketing of Sport' (Chinese translation), Huaxia Publishing (forthcoming, 2008)

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Marketing of Sport' (Russian translation), Alpina Publishing (forthcoming, 2008)

Beech, S., and Chadwick, S., 'The Business of Sport Management' (Dutch translation), Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming, 2008)

Chadwick, S., and Arthur, D. (eds.), ‘International Cases in the Business of Sport', Elsevier (forthcoming, 2007)

Beech, J. and Chadwick, S. (eds.), The Marketing of Sports, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2006

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Marketing of Sport-Lecturers Supplement', Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2006

Beech, J. and Chadwick, S. (eds.), The Business of Tourism Management, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2005

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Business of Tourism Management - Lecturers Supplement' Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2005

Beech, J. and Chadwick, S. (eds.), The Business of Sport Management, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2004

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Business of Sport Management - Lecturers Supplement', 2004

Recent Book Chapters

Chadwick, S., and Beech, J., ‘Introduction to the Marketing of Sport’, in Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Marketing of Sport’ 2nd Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming 2010)

Chadwick, S., and Beech, J., ‘The Future of Sport Marketing’, in Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Marketing of Sport’ 2nd Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming 2010)

Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘Introduction to the Business of Sport Management’, in Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Business of Sport Management’ 2nd Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming 2009)

Chadwick, S., and Beech, J., ‘The Future for Sport Management’, in Beech, J., and Chadwick, S., ‘The Business of Sport Management’ 2nd Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall (forthcoming 2009)

Chadwick, S., ‘Relationship Marketing – the internal and external stakeholder perspective’, in Buehler, A., Chadwick, S., and Nufer, G., ‘Relationship Marketing in Sport’, Elsevier (forthcoming, 2009)

Chadwick, S., ‘Cross-cultural issues in Relationship Marketing’, in Buehler, A., Chadwick, S., and Nufer, G., ‘Relationship Marketing in Sport’, Elsevier (forthcoming, 2009)

Chadwick, S., ‘Introduction to Football Management’, in Chadwick, S., and Hamil, S., ‘Managing Football: An International Perspective’, Elsevier, (forthcoming, 2008)

Holt, M., and Chadwick, S., ‘An analysis of the key success factors in developing and implementing the UEFA Champions League brand’, in Desbordes, M., ‘The Global Marketing of Soccer’, Butterworth Heinemann, (Russian translation, forthcoming 2008)

Chadwick, S., ‘The internationalisation of sport’, in Nufer, G., and Buehler, A., ‘Sport and Business’, Erich-Schmidt-Verlag, 2007

Chadwick, S., and Arthur, D., Mes que un club (More than a club): The commercial development of FC Barcelona, in Chadwick, S., and Arthur, D., ‘International Cases in the Business of Sport', Elsevier, 2007

Chadwick, S., and Holt, M. (2006), An analysis of the key success factors in developing and implementing the UEFA Champions League brand', in Desbordes, M., and Bolle, G., ‘The Global Marketing of Soccer', Butterworth Heinemann

Chadwick, S. and Beech, J. (2006), The nature of sport marketing, in Beech, J. and Chadwick, S. (eds.), The Marketing of Sports, Financial Times Prentice Hall, Harlow.

Chadwick, S. and Beech, J. (2006), The future for sport marketing, in Beech, J. and Chadwick, S. (eds.), The Marketing of Sports, Financial Times Prentice Hall, Harlow.

Recent Conference Papers

Burton, N., and Chadwick, S., ‘Sponsorship ambushing: addressing the challenges facing sport managers’, European Association of Sport Marketing Annual Conference, Heidelberg, 2008

Chadwick, S., and Burton, N., ‘TOPSTAR – identifying the nature and characteristics of football player brands’, European Association of Sport Marketing Annual Conference, Heidelberg, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘International Football Player Brands: Context, Definition and Management Challenges’, Academy of International Business Annual Conference, Milan, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘The economic and financial impact of UEFA Euro 2008’, Mastercard European Summit, Vienna, 2008

Byers, T., Chadwick, S., and Slack, T., ‘A collaborative strategic model – the only way forward for African sport?’, Communications, Media and Sport in Africa, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘From cradle to grave, from debt to profit: A short history of English football’, Play the Game Bi-Annual Conference, Reykjavik, Iceland, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘European football clubs and their overseas fans: time to rethink marketing?’, Play the Game Bi-Annual Conference, Reykjavik, Iceland, 2007

Park, J-S., and Chadwick, S., The sport consumption motives of international sport fans: South Korean football fans’ motives for supporting European football teams

Chadwick, S., ‘Targetting international fans – lessons for European sport marketers', European Association of Sport Marketing Annual Conference, Turin, Italy, 2007

Chadwick, S., and Hayward , B., ‘Stadium naming rights: sponsorship or a unique marketing tool?', Academy of Marketing Annual Conference, London, 2007

Bridgewater, S., Chadwick, S., Dolles, H., and Soderman, S., ‘Sport and sport business: Facing the challenges of internationalisation', Academy of International Business Annual Conference, Indiana, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘The polarization and concentration of European sports’, University of Florida, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘US ownership and the commercial development of English football’, University of Memphis, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Reconciliation through Football’, Birkbeck Sport Business Centre Panel Discussion, Birkbeck, University of London, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Sport and globalisation: assessing the commercial and financial impact of an emerging industrial sector’, Sport and Business: Facing the Challenges of Internationalisation Workshop, University of Heilbronn, Germany, 2007

Chadwick, S., and Holt, M. ‘Utlising latent brand equity as a foundation for building global sports brands', Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference, Orlando, US, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Commercial sport in the 21 st century: challenges and opportunities', Sport Business Campus Annual Conference, London, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Relationship strategies in professional sports clubs', Podium Sports Marketing, Poland, 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘The Marketing of Sport', University and College Sport - Sport Marketing Conference, Birmingham, 2006

Bezold, T., Chadwick, S., Desbordes, M., and Giesen, C., ‘Sport marketing research in Europe', European Association of Sport Management Annual Conference, Nicosia, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Branding the Champions League – what can other sports learn from the UEFA experience?', University of Bayreuth, 2006

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘The development, structure and business of English football', University of Memphis

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Managing European sport – the challenges ahead', Florida State University

Holt, M., and Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘A case study of global success in sport: the effective marketing and branding of the UEFA Champions League', Academy of Marketing Annual Conference, London

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Woodbine Wafflers, Solid Citizens and the Chumley - Warner Syndrome – time for sport marketers to get on the ball', Birkbeck Sport Business Centre Seminar Series, Birkbeck, University of London

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘New directions in sport marketing – keeping sport special in the 21 st century', Premiere Research Seminar, London

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Rhetoric and reality in sport sponsorship – establishing what relationship commitment really means', IESE Research Seminar, Madrid

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Football Tours to Asia – Why do Chinese Fans Watch European Clubs?', IESE Research Seminar, Madrid

Chadwick, S. (2006), ‘Onions, triangles and football – an effective synthesis of philosophy and method?', Birkbeck College PhD seminar, University of London

Chadwick, S., Walters, G., and Gomez, S., ‘Walking advertisements: Tennis' Grand Slam Committee takes action against adidas', IESE Case Study Series, 2006

Recent Working Papers

Burton, N., and Chadwick, S., ‘Sponsorship ambushing: addressing the challenges facing sport managers’, Centre for the International Business of Sport Working – Paper Series, Coventry University Business School, 2008

Byers, T., Chadwick, S., and Slack, T., ‘A collaborative strategic model – the only way forward for African sport?’, Centre for the International Business of Sport Working – Paper Series, Coventry University Business School, 2008

Recent research funding, consultancy and advisory roles

Chadwick, S., ‘Managing British Football Clubs’, UK Education Challenge, British Council, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘The role and impact of gay and lesbian fans in English football’, Stonewall, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘The economic and commercial impact of the UEFA Euro 2008 Final in Vienna’, Mastercard, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘The economic and commercial impact of women at UEFA Euro 2008’, Mastercard, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘The economic and commercial impact of the UEFA Euro 2008 championship’, Mastercard, 2008

Chadwick, S., ‘The economic and commercial impact of the UEFA Champions League Final in Moscow’, Mastercard, 2008

Cherubini, S., and Chadwick, S., ‘Development of a high-quality education model for the sport industry’, (European Union Erasmus Mundus bid pending), 2007

Chadwick, S., Hamil, S., Andersen, J., and Nielsen, K., ‘Investigating corruption in world sport’, project being undertaken in conjunction with Transparency International (Leverhulme Trust, bid pending), 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Marketing football in China’, China Consulting, 2007

Chadwick, S. (as member of Economics, Sport and Intangibles Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain), ‘Measuring intangibles in professional sports. Evaluation of efficiency and competitiveness in European and American leagues. Implications on the area of management, marketing, labour market and industrial organization’, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Corporate Social Responsibility, sponsorship and football’, Business in the Community Clubs That Count Initiative, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Coaches perceptions of the service provided by the Football Association’, English Football Association, 2006

Chadwick, S., Expert Witness representing International Tennis Federation, Wimbledon, US Open, French Open and Australian Open in High Court case brought against them by Adidas, 2006

Chadwick, S., Expert Witness representing International Tennis Federation, Wimbledon, US Open, French Open and Australian Open in High Court case brought against them by Nike and Puma, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘The role of sponsorship in international development projects’, Organisation of Economic Development and Cooperation, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘The European Sports Market’, International Marketing Reports, 2006

Trenberth, L., and Chadwick, S., ‘Assessing member perceptions of service quality’, Amateur Football Association, 2006

Chadwick, S., Hamil, S., and Trenberth, L., ‘Development of sport business training package’, Birkbeck Knowledge Transfer Fund, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Managing football shirt sponsorship programmes’, Sunderland Football Club, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Leveraging football shirt sponsorship programmes’, PHD North, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Managing sports brands’, Premiere Sport Marketing, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘International sports markets and fan behaviour’, research and report for German Budesliga, 2006 - 2007

Chadwick, S., ‘Developing sponsorship programmes for grassroots sport’, Sport England, 2006

Chadwick, S., ‘Football fan motivation in Asian markets’, research and report for Barcelona Football Club, 2005-2006

Birkbeck College, University of West England and Advistra Strategic CRM Consulting, The impact of supporter participation on commitment to sports franchises: are football clubs getting their marketing balance right?, 2005-2008

Recent talk series

Simon is editor of Henry Stewarts Sport Marketing Talk Series, extracts of which can be found here:
http://hst.streamuk.com/extracts/sport.htm

Talk 1 - The distinctive nature of sport marketing
Talk 2 - Attracting and retaining sports fans
Talk 3 - Creating and branding sport products
Talk 4 - Sport and the international marketing environment
Talk 5 - Marketing major sporting events
Talk 6 - Sponsorship, strategy, creativity, advantage – the case of Red Mandarin
Talk 7 - Marketing club versus country
Talk 8 - Global shifts and mega-trends in sport marketing
Talk 9 - Marketing major sports venues – the case of the Amsterdam Arena
Talk 10 - Creative sport marketing communications – the case of Atl?tico Madrid

Recent press coverage

Simon has been quoted in more than 2,000 media reports on television, radio, newspapers, magazines and web sites. He has commented on a multitude of sport and sport business related matters ranging from the foreign ownership of football clubs to the commercial aspects of sporting mega events, the management of sport sponsorship programmes, the organisation of Formula One motor racing teams and the future of sport.

A small number of outlets in which Professor Chadwick has appeared include:

  • Wall Street Journal
  • Financial Times
  • Forbes
  • The Economist
  • Business Week
  • Newsweek
  • Time
  • New York Times
  • Washington Post
  • The Times
  • Daily Telegraph
  • The Independent
  • The Guardian
  • Die Welt
  • Le Figaro
  • Corriere Della Sera
  • Cinco Dias
  • BBC
  • ITV
  • CNN
  • Al Jazeera
  • Bloomberg
  • CNBC
  • NHK
  • France Football
  • Four-Four-Two
  • 11Freunde
  • Marca
  • AS
  • Sport Business
  • Soccer Investor
  • ESPN
  • Eurosport
  • Sky Sports

Recent podcasts

Beckham in the US - Insights and Analysis - The Elusive Fan (Rein, Kotler and Shields)
UEFA - The Branding Champions? - The Elusive Fan (Rein, Kotler and Shields)
Episode 12

From Competition to the Classroom' – The Elusive Fan (Rein, Kotler and Shields)
Episode 12

Fantasy soccer for big spenders' – American Public Radio ‘Marketplace'


Webcasts

Chadwick, S., Adidas vs. Tennis' Grand Slam Committee: Implications for Sportswear Branding, The Advertising Research Foundation, December 2006

Listen to Simon’s views on:

Sport Marketing
Henry Stewart Sport Marketing Talk Series
http://hst.streamuk.com/extracts/sport.htm

The Premier League ABC Radio, Australia
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/saturdayextra/stories/2007/2014719.htm

David Beckham
Reuters TV
http://www.reuters.com/news/video/videoStory?videoId=60216

UEFA Champions League
Elusive fan web site
http://media.podshow.com/media/1847/episodes/41130/theelusivefan-41130-12-09-2006_pshow_46611.mp3

Brand Beckham
http://media.podshow.com/media/1847/episodes/70773/theelusivefan-70773-07-14-2007_pshow_102211.mp3

Financial aspects of football
American Public Radio
http://marketplace.publicradio.org/shows/2006/10/31/PM200610316.html

Read Professor Chadwick’s regular column for Norwegian newspaper ABC Nyheter:

Tall Story, Short-Comings

http://www.abcnyheter.no/node/79864

Tigers, Tigers Burning Bright

http://www.abcnyheter.no/node/78961

English Football’s Used Car Lot

http://www.abcnyheter.no/node/77635

An Early Visit from Three Wise Men

http://www.abcnyheter.no/node/76391

What about National Identity and Pride?

http://www.abcnyheter.no/node/75664

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