Abbreviations

Appendix F ABBREVIATIONS

These abbreviations are often found in texts and references.

The full words (usually Latin) are given for those who might be interested.

full word

meaning

example

c./ca.

circa

around or about (usually with a date) to show that it is approximate

c.1910

cf.

confer

compare with

c.v.

curriculum vitae

course of life - used to summarise education and work experience

Send me a copy of your c.v.

do.

ditto

the same as above

e.g./eg

exempli gratia

for example - giving a few of the possible items - compare with 'i.e.'

... a major program, e.g. Microsoft Word or Excel.

esp.

especially

et al.

et alia

and others

Jones et al.

et seq.

et sequens

and the following

see page 35 et seq.

etc./etc

et cetera

and the rest - generally to be avoided

The burglar stole videos, computers, etc.

ibid.

ibidem

in the same place. In a list of references this is used to indicate that this reference comes from a book previously mentioned.

i.e./ie

id est

that is - referring to a specific item - compare with 'e.g.' and 'viz.'

... the most popular wordprocessor i.e. Microsoft Word

NB/nb

nota bene

note well

NB We will check for plagiarism

op.cit.

opere citato

from the work quoted

p./pp.

page/pages

.. see pp.34-54

passim

everywhere, in many places. Indicates that there are so many references to this topic that the list would be too long.

q.v.
quod vida
'which see' meaning 'look elsewhere'

sic

drawing attention to an error in (usually) a quote

...Grainger (1994) said "Macrosoft [sic] is the clear market leader"

vs
versus
against

... the choice was Word vs Excel

viz.

videlicet

namely, that is to say - compare with 'i.e.'

There are 3 types of wine viz dry, medium and sweet

Source: This is based on a list provided by Anton Dil

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	full word	meaning	example
c./ca.	circa	around or about (usually with a date) to show that it is approximate	c.1910
cf.	confer	compare with
c.v.	curriculum vitae	course of life - used to summarise education and work experience	Send me a copy of your c.v.
do.	ditto	the same as above
e.g./eg	exempli gratia	for example - giving a few of the possible items - compare with 'i.e.'	... a major program, e.g. Microsoft Word or Excel.
esp.		especially
et al.	et alia	and others	Jones et al.
et seq.	et sequens	and the following	see page 35 et seq.
etc./etc	et cetera	and the rest - generally to be avoided	The burglar stole videos, computers, etc.
ibid.	ibidem	in the same place. In a list of references this is used to indicate that this reference comes from a book previously mentioned.
i.e./ie	id est	that is - referring to a specific item - compare with 'e.g.' and 'viz.'	... the most popular wordprocessor i.e. Microsoft Word
NB/nb	nota bene	note well	NB We will check for plagiarism
op.cit.	opere citato	from the work quoted
p./pp.		page/pages	.. see pp.34-54
passim		everywhere, in many places. Indicates that there are so many references to this topic that the list would be too long.
q.v.	quod vida	'which see' meaning 'look elsewhere'
sic		drawing attention to an error in (usually) a quote	...Grainger (1994) said "Macrosoft [sic] is the clear market leader"
vs	versus	against	... the choice was Word vs Excel
viz.	videlicet	namely, that is to say - compare with 'i.e.'	There are 3 types of wine viz dry, medium and sweet